This proposes a clear cultural driver based on the need for establishing
boundary markers that discourage manipulation.
There is plenty of merit to this idea as such cairns have always
represented a serious security problem. Thus
building even a religious site works wonders to prevent such problems.
Thus it makes perfect sense for nascent religious leaders to coopt such locales into their developing doctrines to ensure stronger adherence. After all a temple placed directly by a boundary marker makes it pretty difficult to fool around with lesser markers and provides an important survey point. It is certainly far better that a convenient tree.
What this provides us with is a neat reset in our understanding of
monument making generally. Throw away
the language of religious ideas and we have a simple and practical reason for
their existence.
Geoglyphology, An Ancient Science Rediscovered
By Rick Osmon
May 10, 2014
Arthur D. FaramFaram
Research Foundation – Arlington, Texas
Recently Arthur Faram,
while investigating his Celtic Genealogy, discovered an ancient and
historically revealing science.
After determining that
this science had not been mentioned in any previous publications, The Faram
Research Foundation named the ancient science Geoglyphology. “Geo” for earth,
“glyph” for writing and “ology “ for the study of… . The original function
of Geoglyphology, by the ancients, was to mark and claim territories. Since
its rediscovery, this ancient science has been used to expand both the search
area and the knowledge base available to the Archeologist and related
disciplines. In addition, since the science was primarily used to mark large
territories, claimed by the originator of the geoglyph, the resultant
findings are rewriting history. During our research it was discovered that
ancient civilizations have, for millennia, passed down a previously
unidentified science which was used to outline the boundaries of ancient
civilizations, around the world. During their constant battle
to expand, control and identify their territories, ancient civilizations
have left a legacy of geoglyphs on the shores and highlands of land masses, and
islands, around the world.
A well-known example of a
geoglyphic survey marker is the Stonehenge monolith in England. Stonehenge has
been known for centuries, as have other monoliths, for displaying astrological
alignments which were designed into its construction. The science of studying
astronomical alignments within geoglyphic structures has recently been
scientifically accepted, having been given the name “Archaeoastronomy”. Until
now, the geoglyphic attributes (Geoglyphology), which co-exist alongside the astronomic
attributes of these structures, have been overlooked.
Currently, the majority
of the information available to the Archeologist is gleaned from the
information recovered at the dig site. In recent years, it has been discovered
that a great majority of the ancient architectural, monolithic and geoglyphic
structures built around the world, have a particular commonality. That
commonality is that the structures are aligned in such a manner that the study
of their linear alignment unveils a much larger story than can be attained at
the dig site. A geoglyphical survey can immensely expand the cultural data
available to both the archeologist and the related disciplines.
Geoglyphic studies
uncover data that may have otherwise gone unnoticed by the various scientific
disciplines working on a site. Data obtained from the geoglyphical study of a
site can immensely expand the data available to the Archaeologist. These
benefits may include determining the geographical range of the culture being
studied, the level of sophistication that existed in relation to their
understanding of mathematics and geometry, the cultures knowledge of world
geography, the discovery of other archeological sites that were unknown prior
to the geoglyphic extension of alignments associated with structures at the
site, and the dating of the culture itself by the data collected both at the
dig site and offsite locations which have been identified through the use of
Geoglyphology. Previous successes, through the use of Geoglyphology, leave no
doubt that Geoglyphology can play a major role in expanding the knowledge base
available to various scientific disciplines.
Geoglyphology
A geoglyph consists of a
large motif, or monument produced on the surface of the earth. This can be
accomplished by building or sculpting stone monoliths, arranging patterns of
multicolored earth or stones on the earth, or by the wall alignment of
buildings such as at Caral, Peru. Through these and other geoglyphical
techniques used by the ancients, our predecessors have left a rich history of
their existence, and conquests, on our planet.
The practice of marking
territories with geoglyphs has been passed down secretly for millennia. Since
the practice of Geoglyphology is to mark a claimed territory, the practice
would inherently require some degree of secrecy. Most of these survey markers
are so large and so spread out, that they remain hidden unless someone that
knows of their existence points them out. By being so large they are, for
the most part, immune to tampering and remain hidden. When the builder needs to
prove their prior claim to a given territory, they have but to point out their
geoglyphic survey marker.
Another reason for
keeping geoglyphs secret is that, as they are survey markers, they are a
written record of the travels and history of the people that constructed them.
Therefore, their exposure would be detrimental to any group that did not want
ancient history to be revealed. This ancient science has been used by
civilizations including the Portuguese, Celts, Etruscans, Egyptians,
Phoenicians, the Japanese and their predecessors. The oldest geoglyphic site
confirmed to date is 26,400 years old. What makes up a Geoglyph?
Glyph - A glyph can
be any design that is used to convey a message.
Geoglyph - A
geoglyph is a glyph that occurs on the ground.
Bearings - A bearing
refers to the direction that any line, formed by a geoglyph, points in relation
to “Magnetic North”. Magnetic bearings can be used at the origination point
because they have not been distorted by magnetic deviations that exist
between the starting point and the destination. A True or direct line is
necessary once you depart the origination point because as you begin tracing a
line away from the source, magnetic deviation becomes a factor. Magnetic
deviation exists all over the world and renders the magnetic heading of a
compass useless over long distances because of the error occurring naturally
from the magnetism of the earth. A true heading is the shortest distance
between two points without having to consider magnetic deviation. True headings
can be scribed on a globe, derived from Celestial Navigation, GPS, and computer
software. These methods only produce straight lines which are not distorted by
Magnetic Deviation.
Radials - Radials
are bearings after they leave the source. At the source, Magnetic Bearings and
True Headings are the same. This commonality exists as the result of there
being no distortion occurring as a result of moving away from the source site.
Once a direction away from the source is plotted it must be plotted on a true
course, not a magnetic course, in order to avoid magnetic deviation.
Geoglyphs, for the most
part, are so large that they can only be recognized from the air. The
civilizations that placed these geoglyphs must have had mathematical
capabilities well beyond anything we give them credit for. Some sites have been
physically visited on the ground and, even knowing they are there, they are
difficult to locate. The glyphs take on several forms. Some take the form of a
triangle, another might be one or more circles, and another may be one or more
lines touching or crossing each other. No matter what shape a glyph takes, any
line can be a pointer to a place important to the creator of that glyph.
(See the following chart.)
Above are a few examples
of radials generated by various shapes that may comprise a geoglyph.
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