Anti-Helium Confirms Alfven’s Ambiplasma Hypothesis

Let us ask another question?  where is all the matter?  We know that we cannot detect 98 percent because it is dark matter.

And my own work indicates the most likely  anti matter element would be anti helium.  So now, finally we see some.

I do suspect that the instant destruction model is wrong.  After all my best projection is having positron electron pairs forming up to produce neutron pairs and for an unknown reason such pairings typically decay to produce a free electron and an hydrogen atom.  That is what we see.

If hydrogen decay is preferentially chosen, it falls that a proto helium will also maintain such choices, but open the door for an alternate anti helium.

Anti-Helium Confirms Alfven’s Ambiplasma Hypothesis

https://mailchi.mp/d141eb126204/report-september-9-2024?e=3eee1c4ccd

Note: We’ve been so busy in the lab, we have not had time to keep up with developments in cosmology in our reports. A lot has happened this year and with this report we will start catching up.

As more and more contradictions pile up between the predictions of the Big Bang theory and observations, some get a lot more attention than others. The too-old, too-small galaxies discovered by the JWST telescope got a good deal of media attention. But sometimes contradictory data just quietly leaks out, as researchers don’t know exactly what to do with it. That’s the case with the discovery of anti-helium by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer on board the International Space Station. Data for this discovery has been accumulating since 2016, but it is only getting widespread notice now, since it was reported just in conference presentations, not in published papers.

What is anti-helium (anti-He) and what so exciting about the AMS finding nine anti-He ions? First, let’s ask what is anti-matter? Unlike dark matter, anti-matter is real stuff, observed in the laboratory. Every particle of matter, like protons, electrons and neutrons, has an anti-matter twin, which is identical in mass and almost all other properties, but has an opposite electric charge. For example, anti-protons have negative charge.

When high energy particles collide, some of their energy can be converted to mass, which always appears in the form of matter-antimatter pairs, such as electrons and positrons or protons and anti-protons. Conversely, when anti matter particles collide with their matter twins, they annihilate each other producing only energy in the form of photons.

Antimatter has long posed a big problem for the Big Bang theory. If the universe originated, as the theory hypothesizes, in an extremely hot, dense state, vast number of matter-anti-matter pairs would have first been created and then, as the universe cooled, annihilated each other so thoroughly that the density of matter left over would be one hundred billion times less dense than that we’ve observed in the cosmos.

The giant Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (see space-walking astronaut at top for scale) on board the International Space Station.

To save the theory, Big Bang cosmologists have long hypothesized some tiny asymmetry between matter and anti-matter that allowed far more matter to survive. But laboratory evidence for this asymmetry has never been found.

But even ignoring the Big Bang (BB) theory, there is a mystery with anti-matter: where is it all? If matter and anti-matter are always created in equal amounts, why is the world that we see made up almost entirely of matter? In 1961, Hannes Alfven, the pioneer of the modern plasma physics that we and all fusion researchers use today, hypothesized that antimatter does exist in an amount equal to matter—but that matter and antimatter had been naturally separated out by the working of magnetism and gravitation on a hypothetical primordial “ambiplasma”—a highly dilute cosmic plasma made up of both matter and antimatter. He and his colleagues worked out in mathematical detail how this separation would have occurred before dense structures formed in a universe with no Big Bang and no origin in time.

However, there was never any observational evidence for this theory. Now, that’s changed. Starting in 2016 the AMS (attached to the ISS because of the need for so much power to drive the magnets on the instrument) has been detecting occasional anti-helium nuclei. The AMS magnet causes particle trajectories to bend, allowing both charge and mass to be measured, and by these means the instrument has detected a handful of He4 as well as He3 and deuterium nuclei. This has been shocking because by the Big Bang theory, it should have detected none.

With the BB, no antimatter should have survived the initial hot dense period. Current antimatter detected in cosmoramas could be produced by collisions of high-energy protons. Producing anti deuterons would be 10,000 times rarer, anti-He3 100 million times rarer and anti He4 a trillion times rarer. But AMS detected one anti-helium nucleus for about 100 antiprotons, a factor of ten billion more than predicted from BB assumptions, and also observed about the same number of anti He3 and anti-deuterons.

While totally contradicting the Big Bang predictions(again), these observation completely confirm Alfven’s predictions. In his theory, the separated clouds of matter and antimatter would evolve in identical ways into galaxies and stars, so thermonuclear process in anti-stars would produce anti-Helium nuclei. As occurs in our Sun and other stars, some of the helium would be accelerated to high energy to become cosmic rays. Over tens of billions of years, some of these cosmic rays would find their way across the vast distance separating matter and antimatter clouds and show up in our own galaxy—and eventually in the AMS. The number of anti-helium cosmic rays are about a million times less than ordinary matter helium cosmic rays, just the density Alfven and colleagues predicted over 50 years ago.

In addition, as the He4 cosmic rays circulated in our galaxy, some of them would run into protons, causing a proton or neutron to be annihilated, producing He3 after one collision and deuterium after two collisions. The almost one for one ratio among the three antiparticles would thus be neatly explained. The handful of helium and deuterium nuclei are our first tiny ambassadors from anti-matter stars and galaxies—the first evidence that such worlds exist.

Of course, Big Bang cosmologists have invented ad hoc, after-the-fact dark matter explantions of where the antihelium could come from. But as we have emphasized many times before, science works on the basis of confirmed predictions that are made before observations, and the antihelium discovery confirm the predictions of the ambiplamsa hypothesis, not the Big Bang. Inventing fairy dust or dark matter to fit observation already made is not the scientific method.

Some mysteries still remain. Most important, is the question how far away these little astronauts have traveled. For that more research will be needed, but they almost certainly come from as far as the nearest superclusters 100 million light years away, and perhaps further. More research will shed light on this.