Young Ganges

Another geographic consideration arising from the book by Prithvi Raj on the historical content of Indian scriptures is the representation that the Ganges arose in its present form about a thousand years or so after the primary event I have called the Pleistocene Nonconformity.

There was a time that when confronted with such a proposition, I would have dismissed it out of hand. Then I discvovered that one could get there from here.

So the question right of is can we reconcile this with our model as we have reconciled the submergence of the Maldive Archipelago in the Indian Ocean. Again this part of the crust was accommodating compression and the prior mountain building provided a natural fault system able to accomplish this. So it is fair to assume that the mountains rose several thousands of feet at least if not a lot more. After all they are presently the tallest in the world and are comparable only to their near equivalent in the Andes on the same arc and same effective position.

This produced a valley sub parallel to the newly raised mountain range and possibly upheaved Tibetan plateau (?). Massive precipitation at the eastern end of the range north of Burma began cutting several major river systems including the Mekong. Water began filling the valley and draining westward. This valley breaks out close to Pakistan and enters the present plain of the Ganges.

Prior to a final breakout, the valley was certainly blocked in multiple locations with massive landslides and intrusive structures. It is quite plausible that that primary blockage was a weak landslide that allowed the accumulation of water. It is thus reasonable to assume that the water accumulated for centuries behind this natural blockage. In fact it is highly reasonable considering the incredible terrain itself. A thousand or so years of water accumulation is very reasonable.

I also note that the geology of the area is incredibly young. I have reviewed a photograph of a major sheer cliff in those mountains that showed little accumulation of scree yet was formed from sediments. It was implausible and demanded a recent genesis. In short, if those mountains were a million years old, the valleys would be choked with material as is constantly coming off those mountains today. They are not particularly choked at all.

That such a water buildup took place appears almost inevitable. That its release would be dramatic is also inevitable as the rushing waters would swiftly scour out the valley bottom for its full length. The amount of water held could have approached that of a small great lake and produced a huge flow that took weeks to subside.

We thus have a mechanism for producing the river bottom of the Ganges as a one time event. Before this happened, the rains had already created an active riverine system flowing off the front of the Himalayas and possibly producing several rivers flowing along the Gangetic plain to its huge delta. When the impounded waters began their release, a huge torrent proceeded to scour out a deep and broad valley down through this established sedimentary plain. In short, it is possible to provide a valid explanation for the abrupt rise of the Ganges that fits the cultural record.

It should be easy to piece together the geologic record, and someone should already have had his eyes open because of the note in the cultural record.

I also noted that before the event of the nonconformity, that a barrier mountain range is reported to be cutting India across the center in an east west direction. There was an equally important plain north of this barrier. If we simply look to the Himalayas as the original barrier range, its location is solved. This means that the cultural sources were describing a much larger geographic area than supposed where the southern portion fell south of the equator and the northern portion, plausibly as large fell north of the equator.

I would like to note that Prithvi Raj’s historical reconstruction and my own work are arriving at the same conclusions from very different directions and are agreeing very well. The knowledge of the crustal shift and the derivative knowledge of the impact along the arc of maximum movement on local crustal curvature is easily providing guidance in understanding the reported events. More important, the right things are happening in the right place.

It is significant to observe that populations still survived although coastal damage must have climbed into the hills. It also becomes plausible that populations of herders began to migrate into these broken lands quickly to escape suddenly long bitter winters in their own homelands.

Indian Ocean Subsidence

As yesterday’s item made clear, the cultural information provided by Prithvi is showing us that a lot was going on in the Indian Ocean when the crust shifted eleven and a half thousands of years ago or so. So I cranked up Google Ocean to see what we now know about the subsea of this ocean. Most of this is fairly recent and was not available before.

I quickly discovered that I did not need any subsidence in the theory at all. We have a submerged mountain and island chain comparable to Japan in scale and extending along the Western coast of India and south into the Indian Ocean. The key larger islands begin just south of India and run several hundreds of miles. That part also is closely sub parallel to an apparent oceanic trench like Japan. The Maldives are part of this chain.

Merely lowering the sea level back to Ice age levels would reveal this land mass. It is also noteworthy that massive coral structures have also grown that appear to be miles wide and extending the full length of the chain. Subsidence added into this mix would certainly create the initial conditions and a rising sea would keep up the building process.

Put another way, Japan would notice a rise of three hundred feet, but the bulk of the topography would still appear intact. A subsidence of two to three thousand feet which also induced any volcanic stacks to also collapse would produce a wreckage pile mostly close to the surface. A rising sea would then encourage a huge build out of corals.

Therefore, we can state that mere sea level rise is insufficient to reduce an obvious mountain chain and that a violent subsidence surely can.

This chain bears the same relationship to India as does Japan to China. That means that it is impossible for appropriate cultural information to not exist even long after a disappearance. Prithvi has shaken it out for us.

I am also aware of legends covering the Gobi and the Himalayas that will now need to be sourced and revisited. This was a very busy part of the world for the several days in which the crustal movement took place.

It is also obvious that the crustal movement would have activated the contact and faults associated with the apparent trench along its entire length. This would certainly explain the reports of mountains visibly moving and also appearing to fall over into the ocean. This would have been quite visible from the mainland as there are many apparent submerged volcanoes close along the coast.

In short, we have found ample and surprising evidence supporting the plausibility of the reported observations. The evidence is much better than expectation. It also begins to answer the question of Mt Meru.

This was a huge mountain that was unique to this region and a center of religious veneration. For huge, we only need to think of Mt Fuji and its many sisters. Like Fuji, it is no trick to collapse these very weak stacks. Its image and idea has passed down to us over millennia. The only remaining question is exact location on the chain and whether is also blew up during the primary event. I think it likely should have blown up. So we should be looking for an active crater underwater.

We have three clear nearby population centers prior to the Pleistocene Nonconformity. There is the Indian subcontinent, there is the Japan like Maldives island belt, and we also have the huge Indonesian plains. All were positioned in the tropics where habitable land existed. The ice age made organized habitation impossible outside this fairly narrow belt.

There are plenty more things to run down in the cultural records of India and plausible explanations to follow up from this. We have already learned a lot about the imparted velocity of the crustal movement and we have discovered a true submerged and significant land mass. We did this by simply looking with eyes informed by understanding the significance of the crustal shift.

Dr Morner on Sea Level Nonsense

Some of the statements regarding sea levels from the global warming crowd have been silly. The conservative increases predicted were minimal, and more importantly, within the error range and thus meaningless.

Surely that makes sense too. We have had a forty year temperature rise of less than a degree, now ended that is within the temperature channel associated with the Holocene for which we have zero evidence of significant convincing sea level variation.

Now we have Dr Morner who with meticulous work is able to demonstrate zero variation over the last fifty years. You can also be sure that the error factor has been thoroughly minimized. Bluntly put, our best possible measurements leave no wiggle room. The sea is not rising.

There is no newly minted Amazon flowing out of Greenland and Antarctica.

In the past, I have chosen to simply dismiss the more outrageous claims put out, expecting others would laugh them out. That has not happened. We have press coverage that panders to and promotes mindless ignorance in scientific topics and the claims are rarely addressed by anyone. In fact, the scientific community has jumped on the band wagon and is linking every grant application however tenuous to global warming. It has become as bad as the silliness surrounding cancer research in which thousands of single chemical variable have been proclaimed associated with greater cancer risk. Almost none of these ever passed beyond a grad student’s thesis and were swiftly forgotten.

Any objective thinking about sea levels would inform anyone that the likelihood of significant melt water having reached the Ocean unnoticed for the past fifty years is zero. That there is no current risk was also obvious even with the warmer summer of 2007.

the real shock in this article is the last bit about the Hong Kong guage. This is fraud in its finest hour.

Rise of sea levels is 'the greatest lie ever told'

The uncompromising verdict of Dr Mörner is that all this talk about the sea rising is nothing but a colossal scare story, writes Christopher Booker.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/columnists/christopherbooker/5067351/Rise-of-sea-levels-is-the-greatest-lie-ever-told.html

Christopher Booker

Last Updated: 6:31PM GMT 28 Mar 2009

If one thing more than any other is used to justify proposals that the world must spend tens of trillions of dollars on combating global warming, it is the belief that we face a disastrous rise in sea levels. The Antarctic and Greenland ice caps will melt, we are told, warming oceans will expand, and the result will be catastrophe.

Although the UN's Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) only predicts a sea level rise of 59cm (17 inches) by 2100, Al Gore in his Oscar-winning film An Inconvenient Truth went much further, talking of 20 feet, and showing computer graphics of cities such as Shanghai and San Francisco half under water. We all know the graphic showing central London in similar plight. As for tiny island nations such as the Maldives and Tuvalu, as Prince Charles likes to tell us and the Archbishop of Canterbury was again parroting last week, they are due to vanish.

But if there is one scientist who knows more about sea levels than anyone else in the world it is the Swedish geologist and physicist Nils-Axel Mörner, formerly chairman of the INQUA International Commission on Sea Level Change. And the uncompromising verdict of Dr Mörner, who for 35 years has been using every known scientific method to study sea levels all over the globe, is that all this talk about the sea rising is nothing but a colossal scare story.

Despite fluctuations down as well as up, "the sea is not rising," he says. "It hasn't risen in 50 years." If there is any rise this century it will "not be more than 10cm (four inches), with an uncertainty of plus or minus 10cm". And quite apart from examining the hard evidence, he says, the elementary laws of physics (latent heat needed to melt ice) tell us that the apocalypse conjured up by Al Gore and Co could not possibly come about.

The reason why Dr Mörner, formerly a Stockholm professor, is so certain that these claims about sea level rise are 100 per cent wrong is that they are all based on computer model predictions, whereas his findings are based on "going into the field to observe what is actually happening in the real world".

When running the International Commission on Sea Level Change, he launched a special project on the Maldives, whose leaders have for 20 years been calling for vast sums of international aid to stave off disaster.

Six times he and his expert team visited the islands, to confirm that the sea has not risen for half a century. Before announcing his findings, he offered to show the inhabitants a film explaining why they had nothing to worry about. The government refused to let it be shown.

Similarly in Tuvalu, where local leaders have been calling for the inhabitants to be evacuated for 20 years, the sea has if anything dropped in recent decades. The only evidence the scaremongers can cite is based on the fact that extracting groundwater for pineapple growing has allowed seawater to seep in to replace it. Meanwhile, Venice has been sinking rather than the Adriatic rising, says Dr Mörner.

One of his most shocking discoveries was why the IPCC has been able to show sea levels rising by 2.3mm a year. Until 2003, even its own satellite-based evidence showed no upward trend. But suddenly the graph tilted upwards because the IPCC's favoured experts had drawn on the finding of a single tide-gauge in Hong Kong harbour showing a 2.3mm rise. The entire global sea-level projection was then adjusted upwards by a "corrective factor" of 2.3mm, because, as the IPCC scientists admitted, they "needed to show a trend".

When I spoke to Dr Mörner last week, he expressed his continuing dismay at how the IPCC has fed the scare on this crucial issue. When asked to act as an "expert reviewer" on the IPCC's last two reports, he was "astonished to find that not one of their 22 contributing authors on sea levels was a sea level specialist: not one". Yet the results of all this "deliberate ignorance" and reliance on rigged computer models have become the most powerful single driver of the entire warmist hysteria.

•For more information, see Dr Mörner on YouTube (Google Mörner, Maldives and YouTube); or read on the net his 2007 EIR interview "Claim that sea level is rising is a total fraud"; or email him – morner@pog.nu – to buy a copy of his booklet 'The Greatest Lie Ever Told'

Global Dimming Again

The observation that particulates lower surface light is hardly news and we have discussed it in the past. This is a refresher.

What is forgotten though is that the incoming energy is simply absorbed by the particulate and it is unlikely that the total global energy budget is affected at all. So this frantic article is a little misplaced.

More importantly, as has happened in the developed world and is about to happen elsewhere, this is the type of problem that has engineering solutions that can and will be implemented.

It may take another fifty years, but this issue is going to disappear as fast as it arose.

Global Dimming - A trend dangerous than Global Warming

"The twin effects of Global Warming and Global Dimming due to human pollution can be extremely disastrous. While global warming increases temperature due to the greenhouse gases, global dimming reduces sun’s intensity due to solid suspended pollutants. They can cause massive climatic change and catastrophic natural disasters like cyclones, droughts, floods, hurricanes etc."

Pritish Pradhan : January 20, 2009

In 1955, a young British immigrant Gerry Stanhill was working on Israel’s irrigation scheme. His job was to find out, with the help of light-meters, how strongly the sun shone over Israel.

He repeated his experiment in the year 1980. Gerry was stunned over his findings. The observations suggested that the sun shone 22% less brightly over Israel than it did in 1955! He published his results but the scientific community dismissed it as nonsense.

At around the same time Beate Leipert - a graduate climatologist reported the same behaviour over the Bavarian Alps of Germany. What was strange was that two completely different sets of observations in two different parts of the world had come to the same conclusion!

Slowly in the 1990’s interest grew on this phenomenon and it was given a suitable name- ‘Global Dimming’.

The phenomenon was strongly challenged since the temperature of the world is rather increasing due to Global Warming and when the temperature is increasing due to rapid pollution how come the sun is gradually dimming? Temperature in the last 100 years has risen by 0.60° C and may rise by 3.75° C globally this century. This makes the twin effects of global warming and global dimming very contradicting.

In 1995 a $25 million multinational project INDOEX was launched to solve the puzzles of global dimming. Scientists saw that the northern islands of Maldives sit on the path of a stream of dirty air descending from India while the southern islands get fresh air from Antarctica. A major difference in light intensity is also observed between the two. The north islands over which the pollutant layer is 3 km thick received 10% less sunlight than the south. Climatologists understood that there was nothing wrong with the sun but with the earth itself.

A major reason for this effect was found in the change in behaviour of clouds that solid pollutants induce. These solid pollutants are emitted in high quantities by vehicular movement, air traffic, industrial activity etc. In a cloud small droplets of water condense over microscopic solid particles, which then become heavy and fall as rain. But in polluted areas, the number of suspended solid particles in the air like dust, soot etc is very large and over kilometres thick in the atmosphere, which could block the sunlight.

But a more drastic effect is produced when they interact with water droplets. Tiny particles of water form around them like layers. They may stay on in the atmosphere without falling down and turn the clouds into acting like giant mirrors, which reflect much more sunlight into space than ordinary clouds. These solid pollutants, which increase the volume and intensity of these hybrid clouds, prevent the sunlight from reaching the earth’s surface.

Since increase in pollution is global, this effect is also global. Over a course of thirty years, intensity of sunlight has fallen by 9% in Antarctica, 10% in the U.S., 11% in India, 16% in England, 20% in Singapore and 30% in Russia!!

In one of the longest conducted experiments on climate change, weather stations around the world have been measuring the rate of evaporation of water everyday since more than a century. Their data has revealed that rate of evaporation is declining with time. The reason is that sunlight plays a more dominant role in evaporation than increase in world temperature. This may cause less rain and its effects on India, a monsoon dependent country, is very harmful.

The twin effects of Global Warming and Global Dimming due to human pollution can be extremely disastrous. While global warming increases temperature due to the greenhouse gases, global dimming reduces sun’s intensity due to solid suspended pollutants. They can cause massive climatic change and catastrophic natural disasters like cyclones, droughts, floods, hurricanes etc.

Today, the desertification of a lush green North African region Sahel, Tunisia has been attributed to global dimming. Droughts in that region killed a million people and affected several million more. Thus the ill effects of this phenomenon are already in the course of causing devastation to the life and economy of the world.

After 9/11 attacks, all flights in the U.S.A. were grounded for three days. Dr. David. Gerard, University of Wisconsin studied its effects. He found that in just 3 days temperatures rose 1° C. It happened because no contrails (jet engine pollutants) were released and more sunlight reached the earth’s surface.

Global dimming reduces some increase in temperature on earth due to global warming but it is minimal. To go lax on either of the phenomena, thinking that they would cancel each other out, is suicidal. Rise in temperature by 2.5° C is enough to raise sea levels by 6-7 metres by melting polar ice caps, which may flood densely populated areas and destroy the sources of fresh water. Reduction in the intensity of sunlight will disrupt the process of evaporation and precipitation, which might change rainfall patterns. If immediate measures are not taken to stop these manmade effects, then man may himself fall victim to this through climate change.