Quite simply looking at the green dots on the map we have a clear indication of the sea borne distribution of European Bronze Age civilization It could hardly be stronger and better developed. Do not the surprising association with coastal locales on the African coast.
This is one of those 'the evidence must be there' stories and here now is the emerging evidence.
when you propose an attractive conjecture based often on scant evidence, the real test is whether conforming evidence continues to arise and particularly that which is also unexpected and seriously strengthening. This is that and it leads to an evolving DNA pattern that we can expect now to fill up with supportive detail.
Now archeology has target DNA to look for as well..
Rare Genes from History Revisited
September 19, 2014
Ancient America
by, Donald Yates
It’s been a year and
a half since DNA Consultants introduced Rare Genes from History.
We republish here the original press release from October 2012 as a
means of familiarizing new and old customers with this unique
autosomal marker test, exclusive to our company. Purchase now
for only $149 ($134.10 with your customer discount).
For descriptions of all 26 Rare Genes from History, visit the product page.
If you have received
your Rare Genes from History results, we encourage you to discuss
them with others in the free forums at DNA Communities. How many
did you get? Were they European, Native American, African or Asian?
Do you think you got a given rare gene from your mother or father?
From both?
PRESS RELEASE
Rare Genes from History: DNA Consultants’ Next-Generation Ancestry Markers
PHOENIX — (Oct. 1,
2012) — DNA typing has gone from successes in the criminal justice
system and paternity testing to new heights in mapping genetic
diseases and tracing human history. John Butler in the
conclusion to his textbook Fundamentals of Forensic DNA
Typing raised an important question about these trends. How
might genetic genealogy information intersect with forensic DNA
testing in the future?
“At DNA
Consultants, that new chapter in DNA testing arrived several years
ago,” said Donald Yates, chief research officer and founder. “As
we approach our tenth anniversary, examining human population
diversity continues to be the whole thrust of our research, and it
just gets more and more exciting.”
The company’s DNA
database atDNA 4.0 captures and puts to use every single published
academic study on forensic STR markers, the standard CoDIS markers
used in DNA profiles for paternity and personal identification. In
2009, the company introduced the first broad-scale ethnicity markers
and created the DNA Fingerprint Plus.
But its innovations
didn’t stop there. In October 2012, the company announced the
launch of its Rare Genes from History Panel.
Why CoDIS Markers?
“Theoretically,” noted Butler in 2009, “all of the alleles (variations) that exist today for a particular STR locus have resulted from only a few ‘founder’ individuals by slowly changing over tens of thousands of years.”
How true! Hospital
studies have determined that the most stable loci (marker addresses
on your chromosomes) have values that mutate at a rate of only 0.01%.
That means the chance of the value at that location changing from
parent to progeny is once every 10,000 generations.
So the autosomal clock
of human history ticks at an even slower quantum rate than
mitochondrial DNA. Like “mitochondrial Eve,” its patterns were
set down in Africa over 100,000 years ago when anatomically modern
humans first appeared on the stage of time.
Though the face value
of the cards in the deck of human diversity never changed—and all
alleles can be traced back to an African origin—as humans left
Africa and eventually spread throughout the world, alleles were
shuffled and reshuffled. Humanity went through bottlenecks and
expansions that emphasized certain alleles over others. Genetic
pooling, drift and selection of mates produced regional and
country-specific contours much like a geographic map.
“These rare but
robust signals of deep history can act as powerful ancestral probes
into the tangled past of the human race as well as unique touchstones
for the surprising stories of individuals.”
By the twentieth
century, when scientists began to assemble the first genetic
snapshots of people, it was found that nearly all populations were
mixed, some more than others. The geneticist Luigi-Luca
Cavalli-Sforza at Stanford University proved that there is
almost always more diversity within a population than between
populations.
So if there is no such
thing as a “pure” population—a control or standard—how are we
to make sense of any single individual’s ancestral lines?
Statistical analysis provides the answer. And rare genes are easier
to trace in the genetic record than common ones. Their distinctive
signature stands out.
Back Story: It
All Began with the Melungeons
About the same time as
DNA Consultants’ scientists were cracking the mystery of
the Melungeons, a tri-racial isolate in the Appalachians, they
became aware of certain very rare alleles carried by this unusual
population in relatively large doses. The Starnes family, for
instance, in Harriman, Tennessee, was observed to have a certain rare
score repeated on one location in the profiles of members through
three generations. The staff dubbed it “the Starnes gene.”
Soon, company research had characterized 26 rare autosomal ancestry markers—tiny, distinctive threads of inheritance that reflected an origin in Africa and expansion and travels through world history. Genes in this new generation of discoveries were named after some distinctive feature associated with the pattern they created in human genetic history–for instance, the Kilimanjaro Gene after its source in Central East Africa. The Thuya, Akhenaten and King Tut genes were named for the royal family of Egypt whose mummies were investigated by Zahi Hawass’ team in 2010.
The Starnes Gene”
became the Helen Gene. Because of its apparent center in Troy in
ancient Asia Minor and predilection for settling in island
populations, it was named for “the face that launched a thousand
ships,” in the famous phrase by Christopher Marlowe. [ welcome back to bronze age atlantean civilization - arclein ]
All 26 of DNA
Consultants’ new markers are rare. Not everyone is going to have
one. But that’s what makes them interesting, according to Dr.
Yates.
Coming from all
sections of human diversity—African, Indian, Asian and Native
American—they are like tiny gold filaments in a huge, outspread
multi-colored tapestry, explains Phyllis Starnes, assistant principal
investigator and wife of the namesake of the first discovery. But
does that mean that her husband has a connection to Helen of Troy?
The markers don’t work on such a literal level, but it does imply
that Billy Starnes shares a part of his ancestral heritage with an
ancient Greek/Turkish population prominent on the page of history.
Over the past two
decades, geneticists have worked out the macro-history and chronology
of human migrations in amazing detail and agreement. The Rare Genes
from History Panel is another reminder–in the words of an
American Indian ceremonial greeting–that “We Are All Related.”
These rare but robust
signals of deep history can act as powerful ancestral probes into the
tangled past of the human race as well as unique touchstones for the
surprising stories of individuals.
For more information
about the science of autosomal DNA ancestry testing, visit DNA
Consultants or check out its Twitter or Facebook page.
# # #
Distribution map of the Egyptian Gene shows its African origin, partial presence in Coptic populations today (green dots in Egypt) and scattered incidence around the world.
Received 9-23-14 from
Mr. Yates
You may be interested
to see that Phase II of the Cherokee DNA Study, which Epoch
Times and others reported on in the news story Geneticist Traces
Mysterious Origins of Native Americans, is being released, with
an announcement and an interesting blog Nobody Can
Tell Me Who I Am (more to follow).
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