If Universal Constants Evolved then The Universe is Twice as Old at 26.7 Billion Years Instead of 13.8 Billion

understand that my Cloud Cosmology accepts an act of creration that signals at the speed of light, but produces particles at sublight speeds.  All this means that every galaxy is an individual act of creation that is ongoing and looks like a spherical event horizon operating sublight.  The matter we see is the Galazy itself inside that event horizon..  We can conjecture that this sphere is full of NNPs or Dark Matter.

The big news is that far enough back in time, the Galaxies are much smaller since we can notice and what this tells me is that are getting back to a smaller possible n for the particle count.

our universal constants are linked directly to the particle count in our Galaxy, but looks the same elsewhere.

Again our model keeps getting better as new data arrives.

By the by, the Big Bang assumes an act of creation, but never quite says so and depends on nuclear physics for explanation and that has been accepted while ignoring contradictions. The suns surface is an event horizon in which NNPs clearly decay into hydrogen above the suface and electrons combine to radiate light on the surface.  other elements happen as well of course.

We pretend we know what is happening inside the Sun ,but it is all speculation informed by the limitations of our physics.

If Universal Constants Evolved then The Universe is Twice as Old at 26.7 Billion Years Instead of 13.8 Billion

July 18, 2023 by Brian Wang

https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2023/07/if-universal-constants-evolved-then-the-universe-is-twice-as-old-at-26-7-billion-years-instead-of-13-8-billion.html

A new astronomical model proposes that the age of the Universe is 26.7 billion years old and not 13.7 billion years.

For years, astronomers and physicists have calculated the age of our universe by measuring the time elapsed since the Big Bang and by studying the oldest stars based on the redshift of light coming from distant galaxies. In 2021, thanks to new techniques and advances in technology, the age of our universe was thus estimated at 13.797 billion years using the Lambda-CDM concordance model.

However, many scientists have been puzzled by the existence of stars like the Methuselah that appear to be older than the estimated age of our universe and by the discovery of early galaxies in an advanced state of evolution made possible by the James Webb Space Telescopenorth_eastexternal link. These galaxies, existing a mere 300 million years or so after the Big Bang, appear to have a level of maturity and mass typically associated with billions of years of cosmic evolution. Furthermore, they’re surprisingly small in size, adding another layer of mystery to the equation.

Gupta found it is possible to reinterpret the redshift as a hybrid phenomenon, rather than purely due to expansion.

Gupta introduces the idea of evolving “coupling constants,” as hypothesized by Paul Dirac. Coupling constants are fundamental physical constants that govern the interactions between particles. According to Dirac, these constants might have varied over time. By allowing them to evolve, the timeframe for the formation of early galaxies observed by the Webb telescope at high redshifts can be extended from a few hundred million years to several billion years. This provides a more feasible explanation for the advanced level of development and mass observed in these ancient galaxies.