I started on this puzzle myself with a scant handful of nineteenth century reports and soon concluded that the giants were part and parcel of the global atlantean copper trade empire. It was not an empire as we understand it but very much a trade factory system not unlike what the British also constructed for much the same reasons.
The claims for dominance made here may have some reality although i do not see it as necessary. Again we are imposing our understanding onto the Bronze Age world. Recall though that the bulk of this world did subside along both the mid Atlantic ridge and along the Cuban Ridge taking with it lands the size of Ireland, France, Britain and Japan at least and possibly substantial parts of the Gulf attached to the continent.
This may have happened at one time or possibly in stages. Whatever happened, it all came to an end in and around 1159 BC. After that we only have local survivals and these are greatly weakened.
What this book does is reassemble all the work done in the nineteenth century before scholarship chose to simply ignore it all and to sit on the evidence. It is very welcome and it even pushes back Lake superior copper mining an additional thee thousand years. Thus it is reasonable that global copper trade actually operated as early as 6000 BC and this leaves ample room for the culture to grow globally and to become mature.
We also have extensive reports of script at a number of locations and these need to be revisited with this background in mind.
The Ancient Giants Who Ruled America
By Richard Dewhurst
Books by Richard Dewhurst
The Ancient Giants Who Ruled America:
The Missing Skeletons and the Great Smithsonian Cover-Up
The Missing Skeletons and the Great Smithsonian Cover-Up
Please welcome for February 2014
Author of the Month, writer and researcher Richard Dewhurst. Richard
J. Dewhurst is the Emmy Award–winning writer of the HBO feature
documentary Dear
America: Letters Home from Vietnam.
A graduate of NYU with degrees in journalism, film, and television,
he has written and edited for the History Channel, the Arts &
Entertainment Channel, PBS, Fox Television and Fox Films, ABC News,
TNT, Paramount Pictures, and the Miami
Herald.
His new book The Ancient Giants Who Ruled America, meticulously chronicles the missing giant skeletons of one of the Smithsonian’s greatest cover-ups.
Meet Richard this month on the AoM Message Boards
The eyes of that species of extinct Giant, whose bones fill the Mounds of America, have gazed on Niagara, as ours do now."
- Abraham Lincoln, 1848
OF CONEHEADS AND KINGS
In many respects the West Virginia
Mounds are key to understanding the true story of the Giants who once
ruled America. Not only are the West Virginia mound sites in
Charleston, Wheeling and Moundsville, some of the most significant in
size and number in United States, but in 1883, the Smithsonian
dispatched a team of archaeologists to the South Charleston Mound led
by Colonel Morris of the Smithsonian to conduct an extensive dig of
the 50 mounds they found there and issue a detailed report. The
report shows quite clearly that the team uncovered numerous giants,
one of which was 7’6”tall and decorated with six heavy
copper bracelets on each wrist and on his shoulder were three large
plates of mica. In another mound, they found a circle of ten
skeletons surrounding another giant skeleton, as well as underground
vaults, various copper and mica ornaments, religious items, pipes and
spearheads. Then, at a depth of nine feet, another giant skeleton was
found in the remains of a bark coffin and it was noted in their
report that this giant had a skull, which was of “the
compressed or flat-head type.” In other words, this skeleton
exhibited conehead characteristics similar to those found in South
America and Egypt. As digs progressed in other parts of the state,
archaeologists in Wheeling, WV found another grouping a giants
ranging in height from 6’7” to 7’6” and also
displaying unusual skull formations with low foreheads that sloped
back gradually, “while the back part of the head is very
prominent, much more so than the skulls of people living today.”
Adjacent to these finds, an eight-mile wall and a hilltop temple were
also found in Marshall County on Mount Carbon. And further down the
Cheat River in 1774 settlers found what they dubbed “The Giant
Town,” with numerous gigantic skeletons the most significant
being that of an 8-foot tall male.
Click for a larger view
THE WHITE GIANTS
Extremely ancient human remains have
been found throughout New York State and New England that date back
to at least 9,000 B.C. In a report from the Syracuse Herald American
in 1983, anthropologists from the Buffalo Museum of Science, 1,400
artifacts were dug up from a site called Phoenix Hill. In a county
historical report called “A History of Livingston County, New
York,” published in 1824, reported that in 1811, an Indian
Mound on Mount Morris, rude medals, pipes and articles were uncovered
in association with the remains of a giant “of enormous size,
the jawbone of which was so large that Adam Holslander placed it,
mask-like over his own chin and jaw.”
In 1871, a newspaper report from
Cayuga NY reports that 200 skeletons were removed from a collapsed
mound on the banks of the Grand River. These skeletons were said to
be in a perfect state of preservation and that “the men were of
gigantic stature, some of them measuring nine feet, very few of them
being less than seven feet.” Later the report notes that a lost
city was found on a farm in Dunville NY, in association with two tons
of charcoal and various implements indicating the site of an ancient
forge. Further digging revealed axes, tomahawks, beads and several
smoking pipes, some engraved with dogs heads. Giant skeletons were
also unearthed “the skulls of which are of an enormous size and
all manner of shape, some being twice the size of a normal human.”
In addition to the human skeletons
found in NY State, there is also the famous case of “The
Cardiff Giant,” a white alabaster-like statue of an 11-foot man
which showed an exposed penis and hieroglyphic inscriptions. This
statue caused a world-wide sensation and was exhibited in New York
City to thousands of paying customers before it was declared a fake
by the NY newspapers, despite the fact that scholars from Harvard and
elsewhere insisted that the statue was genuine.
THE PEARLY QUEEN AND HER COURT
For sheer mind-blowing diversity, the
discoveries across the state of Ohio may be the richest and most
unusual in the country. Not only are there numerous finds of giants
8-10 feet tall, but there are also related finds that are equally
astonishing. Among the most significant are the Cincinnati tablets
inscribed with hieroglyphs, textiles that resemble those from Assyria
and Babylon, a skull examined by a surgeon in Cincinnati that
exhibits evidence of brain surgery that “shows knowledge of
practical surgery scarcely excelled at the present day,” as
well as evidence of metallurgy, forges, slag, iron and even saws. In
a mound in Chillicothe, a metal perforated bird was found, in
addition to numerous carved pipes, one even depicting a duck riding
on a fish. At the same mound site in Chillicothe dozens of skeletons
were found wearing copper masks, while at a related site in the same
area at a depth of 14 feet “a massive skeleton was found
encased in copper armor.” Even more astonishing, in an
excavation for a house in West Hickory, workers exhumed “an
enormous iron helmet corroded with rust.” In another dig,
performed in 1889 in Southern Ohio, a giant was found buried with the
bones of panther and another with 147 bone and shell beads made from
Conch and Pyrula shells imported from the Atlantic Ocean was
unearthed.
As amazing as all these finds are,
the discoveries in Newark Ohio deserve special mention. As reported
on the Ohio State University website, several incised and engraved
stones with writing and hieroglyphs were discovered, including the
famous Newark “Holy Stone,” with a condensed version of
the Ten Commandments or Decalogue engraved on it in a peculiar form
of post-Exilic square Hebrew letters. Also in Newark, the magnificent
skeleton of an 8-foot tall Queen bedecked in opulent copper jewelry
and pearls was uncovered, while in Centralia another giant was found
encased in copper armor, his mouth stuffed with pearls “of
immense size.” In addition, in Bainbridge Ohio, four bodies
were found wrapped in pearl-covered robes, while in a related find in
the area one mound yielded two bushels of pearls containing over
500,000 individual fresh-water pearls, surrounding two giants wearing
copper helmets, one provided with a copper nose. In Cartersville, a
team from the Smithsonian found a vault with “the skeleton of a
giant 7’2.” This skeleton had waist-length jet-black
hair. Surrounding this giant, the Smithsonian team found more bodies
and noted in their report that “the bodies had been prepared
after the manner of mummies and upon the stones that covered the
vault were carved inscriptions.” All this evidence was shipped
to the Smithsonian and in the report it noted “this is the most
interesting collection ever found in America.”
COPPER-HELMETED GIANTS RULE
There
have been a number of intriguing finds in Indiana over the years
including the discovery of eight skeletons, one clad in copper armor,
buried in a perfect circle. In 1888, the Logan Grey’s, a
military group led by A.M. Jones were conducting military exercises
on a small island on Eagle Lake near Warsaw, Indiana. Under a flat
stone, they discovered a hole that led to the entrance to a secret
cave that was twenty-five-feet long, fifteen feet wide and eight feet
deep. Inside was the skeleton of a 6’9” giant buried next
to a stream that led to what was called a sacred pool. In 1889, near
Kewanna, standing stones were found on a mound and underneath another
giant was unearthed, while in Whitlock, Indiana another giant was
found in association with a group buried in a seating position. One
of the largest finds on record was reported in “A History of
Jennings County Indiana,” published in 1885, it was reported
that in 1881 a nine-foot tall skeleton was unearthed in a local
mound, along with the body of a blond-haired child. And finally, in
1912 an enormous jaw was dug up, that had double-rows of teeth
(double dentitions), a unique characteristic of some giants
discovered in other parts of the country as well.
THE GREAT PYRAMID MOUNDS OF ILLINOIS
The size and scale
of the Cahokia Mound Complex has been compared in scope and grandeur
to the Great Pyramid. The site is located at a major confluence of
the Mississippi, Missouri and Illinois Rivers, directly across the
Mississippi River from present-day St. Louis. At its height is was
composed of 120 major mounds (of which 80 remain today) and a city
estimated at 40-50,000 people, making it the largest city in the
United States until Philadelphia overtook it in the 18th
Century. Monk’s Mound is the largest earthwork in the complex
and it measures 100 feet tall, with an original base of 1,000 feet.
These even measurements in feet have raised the interest of
alternative historians, as well as its numerous astronomical
alignments that show great similarities to alignments at Stonehenge
and Teotihuacan, among numerous significant ancient sites. During
excavations south of Monk’s Mound, archaeologists even found a
series of wooden post-holes that they called “an American
Woodhenge,” which they likened to Stonehenge and Woodhenge in
England.
In
addition, during excavation of Mound 72, a
ridge-top burial mound south
of Monks Mound, archaeologists found the remains of a man in his 40s
buried on a bed of more than 20,000 marine-shell disc beads arranged
in the shape of a falcon, with
the bird's head appearing beneath and beside the man's head, and its
wings and tail beneath his arms and legs. Archeologists also
recovered more than 250 other skeletons from Mound 72. Scholars
believe almost 62 percent of these were sacrificial victims, based on
signs of ritual execution and method of burial. Although these were
the finds revealed to the public after the official 1922 excavation,
a previous unofficial dig at the site un-covered hundreds more
skeletons, some giant in nature, which have all disappeared from the
historical record. Between 2002 and 2010, a major copper workshop was
discovered with forges and annealing methods for hardening copper,
which included many examples of highly sophisticated repousse copper
plates. In an earlier related find at the site by the Smithsonian two
10x11 inch sandstone tablets were discovered which contained
inscriptions in “Roman-like capital letters.” These
tablets were shipped to the Smithsonian in Washington D.C. “where
they are to be held for scientific investigation.”
In
1930 Don Dickson discovered what was described at the time as the
largest Neolithic burial site in the world, 90 miles south of Peoria
at the intersection of the Illinois River. Working with the
University of Chicago, Dickson unearthed 248 of the skeletons, for an
open-air museum. The site was estimated to have over three thousand
burials, many of them of an unusual and gigantic stature. At its
height, the Dickson Mounds Museum attracted 75,000 visitors a year,
who were able to view the skeletons en situ as they were uncovered by
the archaeologists. In 1990, local Indian tribes had the site closed
and the remains re-buried in their tribal cemetery, even though there
is no genetic link between the local Indians and the remains of the
Mound Builders.
TO SAVE THE MOUNDS
At the turn of the 20th
Century there was a national awareness of the Mound Builder’s
and their extensive earthworks that far exceeded contemporary
consciousness on the subject. Since the majority of the country still
lived an agrarian lifestyle, awareness of the mounds was reinforced
by daily contact with the actual sites themselves. Current estimates
put the number of known American mounds at well over 100,000.
In 1905, Congress was petitioned to
save the mound builder sites from destruction. As was noted in the
discussion of the Cahokia Mounds, close to half the mounds in that
complex were destroyed by farmers and city construction. In the case
of Cahokia, it took until the 1964 for that complex to receive
official protection as a National Historic Landmark. Similar tales
were told across the nation, since the majority of these sites were
on private lands and the government offered no compensation for
preservation of the mounds. To compound matters, the Mound Builders
still have no official standing as an indigenous Native American
People, as no official descendents of the Mound Builders have ever
been recognized by the courts of the United States.
THE GREAT COPPER KINGDOM
When reconstructing the true history
of the mound builders in America, there is no more important place
than Isle Royal, situated in Lake Superior, just off the Keweenaw
Peninsula in northern Michigan. Because of a freak volcanic event
that twisted the copper-bearing bedrock above the water line, thus
allowing all the sulphur impurities to burn away in the open air, the
copper found at Isle Royal is the purest found anywhere in the world.
The
entire region is scarred by ancient mine pits and trenches up to 20
feet deep. Carbon-dating
testing
of wood remains found in sockets of copper artifacts indicates that
some are at least 5700 years old, while other open digs around the
area have been dated to 8-10,000 years old. The most conservative
estimates calculate that during a ten thousand year period, over
500,000 tons of copper was taken from the mines. At the other end of
the spectrum
in “Prehistoric
Copper Mining in the Lake Superior Region,”
published in 1961, Drier and Du Temple estimated that over 1.5
billion pounds of copper had been mined from the region. Since
traditional researchers refuse to analyze European copper for its
probable Michigan signature, no one has been able to account for
where all this copper ended up. That it was traded and used
extensively across the United States by the Mound Builders there is
no question. But this is no way can account for the magnitude of
copper taken out of these unique mines. What researchers have
determined is a continuous history mining activity that begun in
8,000 B.C. and then abruptly ended around 1500 B.C., contemporaneous
with the volcanic explosion on Cretan Thera (Santorini). Since
rock-cut pictures of Cretan trading vessels have been found in the
area, this lends credence to the Cretan connection in North America
at a very early date. In addition, researchers have also determined
that copper mining activity resumed again around 900 A.D. This date
corresponds perfectly with related evidence of a Viking presence in
the area around that same date.
The Iowa Mastodon Pipe and Ancient Hieroglyphs
On
the scale of highly-anomalous out of place artifacts (OOPs), the Iowa
Mastdon and Mammoth pipes have to be ranked right up at the very top.
What are we to make of these undeniably authentic artifacts? Then,
when you add the Davenport Stela to the mix, things get even
stranger. The stele was found in an Indian Mound in 1877 and
according to Harvard Professor Barry Fell, the stela contains writing
in Egyptian, Iberian-Punic and Libyan. The Smithsonian, of course,
says the three stela’s are fake. What the Smithsonian cannot
say is fake are the over 100 skeletons that institution found in
Poplar Bluff, including a chief who measured seven feet eight inches
tall. Then there are the discoveries of the Iowa Archaeological
Survey in association with the WPA, who uncovered 35 houses averaging
30 square feet, or the 75 foot temple mound that was found adjacent
to the houses, or the eleven skeletons found buried in a circle with
another chief in the center, this one 7’5” tall or the
double-toothed giant exhibited in 1900 in a Williamsburg store
window. All in all, Iowa is one strange state and the finds there are
some of the most unusual found anywhere in the United States.
America’s Nasca and the Pictoral Mounds of the Giants
As was the case with Michigan’s
copper mines, the most unique aspect of Wisconsin’s Mound
Building culture, is not the plethora of giants unearted in the area,
but the amazing animal effigy mounds that covered the state like a
blanket of woodland imagery. It has been estimated that in one county
alone in Wisconsin, there were originally over 10,000 effigy mounds.
It is no exagaration to say that Wisconsin was an ancient version of
the Nazca plateau in South America, which is famous world-wide for
the thousands of animal images cut into the bedrock there. The images
that covered Wisconsin were endless and covered the gamut from human
forms, to snakes, lizards, foxes, rabbits, fish and mammoths.
Unfortunately no official attempt has ever been made to save these
from destruction and at this point in time the vast majority of
mounds that once blanketed the state have been destroyed.
On the more traditional front,
archaelogists have uncovered evidence of advanced culture and mining
activities in the state, dating back to at least 9,000 B.C. At sites
like Oconto and Osceola, copper artifacts including spears,
arrow-points, knives, adzes, gouges, fishhooks and harpoons have been
found in association with textiles, drilled beads and even bone
flutes that can still be played.
In one notable case, it was reported
that an 8-foot tall giant was unearthed near Pelican Lake, while in
another report from Westport, giant burials were found in association
with ten-pound axes and an eight-foot high wall, which was 15-feet
thick and ran across a river embankment for 1500 feet. It was noted
that the wall was made from hard red bricks, some of an immense size.
In the woods nearby the shore, a mound was opened which contained a
giant buried with several rolls of textiles and a finely-finished
grooved stone axe.
The Lost Kingdom of the Red-Haired, Blue-Eyed Indians
The
Mandan Indians are generally found in North Dakota and since their
first contact with French explorers in 1738, this blond and
red-haired, blue-eyed tribe has been the source of intense
speculation as to their European origins.
In
1796, the Mandan were visited by the Welsh explorer John Evans, who
was hoping to find proof that their language contained Welsh words.
Evans had arrived in St. Louis 2 years prior, and after being
imprisoned for a year, was hired by Spanish authorities to lead an
expedition to chart the upper Missouri. Evans spent the winter of
1796–97 with the Mandan but found no evidence of any Welsh
influence. In July 1797 he wrote to Dr. Samuel Jones, "Thus
having explored and charted the Missurie for 1,800 miles and by my
Communications with the Indians this side of the Pacific Ocean from
35 to 49 degrees of Latitude, I am able to inform you that there is
no such People as the Welsh Indians.” In
1804, Lewis and Clark spent time visiting with
the tribe and it was here that they met Sacagawea, who later aided
them as a scout and translator. Then even later in 1833, western
artist George Catlin, who was also convinced of their European roots,
lived with the tribe and painted their village life and religious
ceremonies. Although traditional archaeologists reject outright any
European heritage for this mysterious tribe, no definitive Haplogroup
X testing has ever been done on any of the surviving tribe members
and until scientific blood work is performed, all theories as to
their original origins are purely based on superstition, academic
bias and ill-founded opinions.
SACRED POOLS, SECRET CAVES AND THE HALLS OF THE MOUNTAIN KINGS
In all my extensive research into the
hidden history of giants in America, the most detailed, wide-ranging
and colorful account I came across was “The Natural And
Aboriginal History of Tennessee,” by Dr. John Haywood, which
was first published in 1823. Haywood combines an exhaustive first
person account of his many astonishing discoveries in combination
with an excellent overview of the previous historical finds in the
area. Among his many amazing discoveries are accounts of giants found
in a walled spring, caves with stones that rolled away containing
more giants, and four upright standing stones that formed a square
box inside of which was the body of another giant. About ten miles
from Sparta a skeleton 8-feet tall was found in association with
perfectly smooth and round stones and an ancient child’s toy
set.
Perhaps his most amazing finds were
the tiny mounds that contained caskets of the three-foot tall
“moon-eyed children,” who are the pygmies that were said
to accompany the giants. The three-foot tall pygmies were originally
said to have come from North Carolina and legends say that were
mischievous and only liked to come out at night. Cherokee lore
recounts that they waged war against these Moon-eyed people and drove
them from their home in Hiwassee, a village in Murphy, North
Carolina, and west into Tennessee.
In addition to numerous giants and
pygmies, Haywood discovered grave goods including bloody axes, a
stone trumpet hunting horn, carved mastodon bones, soapstone statues
and pipes. In a cave on the south side of the Cumberland River, a
secret room was discovered that was 25 feet square and showed sign of
engineering, as it contained a large rock-cut well, as well the
skeleton of a blond-haired giant. Outside of Sparta, a standing stone
was discovered that marked the burial of more over-sized skeletons.
In another burial at the top of the nearby hill, carved ivory beads
were found of the “finest and best quality,” while in a
dig at Ohio Falls Roman coins depicting Claudius II and Maximinus II
were uncovered. In 1794, it is reported that an ancient furnace was
discovered and in association with it a bar of iron was discovered,
as well as annealed and hardened copper implements.
OF MOON-EYED CHILDREN AND MICA
Although North and South Carolina are
not generally known for their ancient mound builder cultures, it
turns out that both states have a long and colorful history of
giants, missing skeletons, pygmies called “moon-eyed children,”
and ancient sheet mica mines that were used to supply major mound
builder sites across the North American continent.
Some of the oldest spear heads ever
found were discovered in the Pee Dee Basin in the South Carolina
counties of Florence, Darlington, Marlboro and Marion counties. The
oldest of these spear point are of Clovis origin and have been
carbon-dated to 10,000 B.C. In addition, these points were found in
association with Mammoth and Mastodon kills. In addition to the spear
points, some of the oldest pottery every discovered comes from South
Carolina. It is what is called “fiber-tempered” pottery
and it was found in association with polished stone tools, various
scrapers, projectile points and lithic material.
In North Carolina, significant finds
were made in the Yadkin Valley of Caldwell County in1883 that
included one group of four in seated positions and two lying on their
backs. One of the recumbent skeletons was of a man who was reported
to be seven feet tall. At another site in the North Carolina
foothills, 26 skeletons were found in unusual burial positions
associated with other mound builder sites. In this case, 16 skeletons
were found in seated, squatting and prone positions in the center of
which was a skeleton standing upright in a large stone cist.
In association with the fabled
ancient copper mines found in the Northern Peninsula of Michigan, the
mica mines of North Carolina are the most significant natural
resource site in North America. The importance of mica to the mound
builder culture cannot be over-emphasized. Throughout the United
States and Mexico, numerous mound builder burials have revealed a
plethora of mica jewelry, ornaments and decorations, the majority of
which can be linked to these mica mines that archaeologists estimate
have been worked since ancient pre-historic times.
The Poverty Point Metropolis
Although
the Cahokia mound complex near St. Louis is considered the major
mound site on the Mississippi River, the Poverty Point earth works in
Louisiana, is the most ancient temple site and trading center on the
Mississippi River. As the vast extent of this site has been
uncovered, its primacy as the major trading site of the ancient
America’s has gradually gained credence with traditional
scholars.
Poverty
Point is constructed entirely of earthworks. The core of the site
measures approximately 500 acres (2.0 km2),
although archaeological investigations have shown that the total
occupation area extended for more than three miles (5 km) along
the river terrace. The monumental construction is a group of six
concentric, crescent ridge earthworks, divided by five aisles
radiating from the center at the river bank. The site also has
several mounds both on the outside and inside of the ring earthworks.
The name "Poverty Point" came from the plantation which
once surrounded the site. The United States nominated Poverty Point
for inclusion on the UNESCO
World Heritage List in
January 2013.
The
vast majority of artifacts uncovered at Poverty Point are small,
baked shapes made of loess, which are usually balls, bicones
or ropes, all of which have been
described as “Poverty Point Objects” or PPOs.
Archaeologists have long debated their uses. They have concluded the
fired earth objects were used in cooking, a conclusion reached
through experimental archaeology. When placed in earth ovens, the
objects were shown to hold heat and aid in cooking food.
Stone boiling was an alternate way
of heating up food before pottery could withstand the heat. The soil
of the lower Mississippian Valley located at Poverty Point does not
contain proper pebbles so, the manufacture of artificial stones were
necessary.
In recent years, the
theory that these anomalous clay balls, fire-pits and other PPO’s
were used for cooking has come under intense debate and more recent
discoveries linking this site to the copper-producing region of the
Great Lakes, has led some scholars to posit that what was really
going on at Poverty Point was actually the refining of copper for
trade goods, the theory being that raw copper was brought down from
Michigan during the summer months and then refined for manufacture
and trade during the winter in the warmer climate of Louisiana.
Although
skeletal finds at the Poverty Point complex are rare, workmen in
Winnsboro LA, engaged in a drainage project, found the remains “of
a race of giants twelve feet in height.” The workers noted that
“the skulls are in a perfect state of preservation and some of
the jawbones are large enough to surround a baby’s body.”
In a related find in Alabama, 400 skeletons were unearthed at
Moundville, Alabama, by the Alabama Museum of Natural History, who
estimated that some of the skeletons dated to 3,000 B.C.,
with the largest specimen measuring 7’6” tall.
Texas Giants on the Beach
In Texas, where everything is big, it
would be to the state’s ever-lasting horror, if it turned out
that their giansts were smaller than those of other giants who once
ruled over the rest of America in ancient times. In 1931, The San
Antonio Press announced that the a Federal WPA archaeological team
digging in association with the University of Texas, discovered what
at that time was called “the largest human skull found in the
world in Victoria County Texas.” Dubbed the giant on the beach,
photographs reveal that this skull was “twice the size of the
skull of a normal man.” These finds were held at the University
of Texas, where Dr. Hrdlickson of the Smithsonian examined them and
related discoveries and in a joint press release it was said that
“these finds in Texas are beginning to give weight to the
theory that man lived in Texas 40,000 to 45,000 years ago.”
Other “Texas-size” finds in
this part of the country are also impressive. These include the
extensive examples of pottery and copper-work from the Caddo culture
that covered Northern Texas, Oklahoma, Louisiana and Arkansas and
include engraved slates matching those found in Minnesota, as well as
repousee copper pieces identical to those recently uncovered in
Cahokia. In addition, in Oklahoma, the remains of a city of 100,000
people was discovered and destroyed and on a near-by hillside the
remains of a massive forge complex was recently identified and is
under current study. For those who say that there was no fresh water
to supply this city, related mound builder sites have been discovered
in association with the Comal County Springs in New Braunfels, which
is one of the largest fresh-water aquifers in North America,
supplying 212,000,000 gallons of fresh water every 24 hours. In
addition to the fresh water, a cave system has also been identified
in this same area of associated mound builder sites. Called the
Bremher Cave complex, it stretches for a radius of ten miles and a
test made of voice vibration found that voices could be heard for a
distance of two and a half miles south of the point of origin. There
have been no studies to date to determine whether this is a natural
or man-made phenomona.
Cliff Dwellers and Disappearing Cities
In order to
make sense of the extraordinary finds made in the Western Desert
Regions of the United States, it is necessary to completely change
your mental image of this area in terms of antiquity and geology.
That this region of the country had high culture as early as 8,000
B.C. will be proven by the giant mummies wrapped in fine textiles and
dated to that period and found in Spirit Cave in Nevada. But none of
these finds will make any sense until you realize that prior to the
gigantic Lassen volcanic explosion posited sometime around 5,000
B.C., the western region United States that included California,
Nevada New Mexico and Arizona, was covered by a fresh water lake
called Lake Lohanton, which was as large as the biggest of the Great
Lakes and situated at a height of 5,000 feet. The Lene Lenapi Indians
on the East Coast of America, report that they originally lived in
the West until their world was destroyed by fire and they were forced
to migrate to the other side of the Mississippi River in search of
food and shelter.
Although the Cliff Dweller’s are generally thought
of as a recent tribe, Smithsonian field reports from 1910 report
signs of contruction dating back at least 5,000 years at some of the
kivas that they explored. Hieroplyphs were discovered in 1926 at
sites in New Mexico and Arizona and a corresponsent from the
Smithsonian reports from a 1910 PUYE cliff dweller excavation that
“It is estimated by the Smithsonian people that 10,000 lived on
the face of this one cliff and that the population of the adjoining
cliffs and on the mesas was fully 100,000 people.” In another
report from 1910, M.J. Brown comments on “the great quantities
of Portland cement that platered almost every one of the hundreds of
rooms in the kiva.” Later on in the same report Brown quotes
Hewitt of the Smithsonian expedition as saying, “The Pueblos
have traditions, legends, or anything regarding these cliff people.
There is too great a difference in the heads of the Cliff Dwellers
skeletons and the present Indians to allow any connection or
relationship between them.”
To give a further idea of just how distorted our view of
the extent and size of the Cliff Dweller population, here is a report
from the Oakland Tribune of 1926 about the discovery of a six-mile
long straight city in Nevada. “The ruins run in a continuous
line of six miles and are about a half mile wide. The outlines of the
houses of stone and adobe are clearly seen.”
The Giants of Stonehenge Island
When looked at in its entirety, it
seems fitting that our trip west across United States in search of
the ancient giants who once ruled this land, should end at the
Pacific Ocean with the biggest discoveries saved for last. The first
major discovery involves what was called The Death Valley Temple of
the Giants. This story from the 1947 edition of The Nevada News
relates how Dr. F. Bruce Russell, following up on reports that the
Smithsonian had hidden evidence of giants found Death Valley,
eventually uncovered a complex of 32 caves in an 180 square mile
radius around the California/Nevada border. Inside he reported
finding the skeletons of 8-9 foot giants dressed in animal skins that
had been tailored into jackets and pants that resembled “prehistoric
Zoot-suits.” Inside the complex of caves, Russell reported
finding hieroglyphs, extensive weapons, religious artifacts and
cooking utensils and at the end of a hall leading from the main
temple he said there was a room filled with the well-preserved
remains of dinosaurs, saber-toothed tigers, imperial elephants and
other extinct beasts paired off in niches as if on display.”
In 1911, it was reported that William
Altmann, assistant curator of the Golden Gate Memorial Museum, found
skeletons, pottery and artifacts in Port Costa, including the
skeleton of a giant more than seven feet tall. Later the same year,
Altmann reported finding more giants on an island in the Santa
Barbara Channel, including one skeleton that measured in at 7’4”
tall. In 1934, The Bakersfield Californian reported that The
Smithsonian, under the direction of Dr. W.T. Strong and W.M. Walker,
removed 564 skeletons and 4,000 artifacts from a series of mound
sites site near Taft, California. According to the article The
Smithsonian commissioned Pavey L. Stanly of Bakersfield to make a
topographical site of the finds, which was to be filed with the
collection at The Smithsonian. In 1930, hundreds more skeletons were
unearthed near the beach in Carpinteria.
But the most amazing discoveries in
California were eventually found on Catalina Island. In the 1920’s,
the island of Catalina was owned by the Wrigley Chewing gum family,
who hired Prof. Ralph Glidden to conduct a series of digs on the
island under the direction of the Catalina Museum. What they found
made headlines around the world, only to be written out of the
history books less than 10 years later. In short, Glidden and his
team exhumed the remains of 3,781 skeletons of a race of blond-haired
giants. The tallest was believed to be a king who measured 9’2”
tall and the average height of the skeletons was reported to be
around 7 feet. In addition, the team found the remains of a
megalithic “Stonehenge-era” temple. Later radio-carbon
dating revealed that some of the skeletons unearthed were 7,000 years
old. For over 50 years the proofs pertaining to these discoveries
were vigorously denied by the University of California and The
Smithsonian, but in 2011 it was finally admitted that the evidence
for these finds had been locked away from the public in the
restricted-access evidence rooms of the Smithsonian, along with
detailed field reports and hundreds of photos.
[ this conforms to Atlantean practice of occupying offshore islands to set up a trade factory. The time frames also work. - arclein ]
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